Polyfunctional Compounds

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

1. Understand the chemistry of dicarbonyl compounds.

2.Understand the chemistry of saturated dicarboxylic acids and their derivatives

3.Understand the chemistry of polyhydric alcohols.

4.Understand the chemistry of some physiological important amino acids.

1. Draw structures of 1, 2 - dicarbonyl compounds.

2. Write IUPAC names for 1.1 above.

3. List properties of ethanedial and diphenyl diketone

4. List common names of some 1,2- dicarbonyl compounds.

5. Describe properties and reactions of 1,2 -dicarbonyl compounds

6. List examples of 1,3 - dicarbonyl compounds.

7. Draw structures of 1,3 - dicarbonyl compounds.

8. Write IUPAC names for 1,3 - dicarbonyl compounds.

9. List and describe properties of 2,4 - pentanedione as a representative of 1,3 - dicarbonyl compounds.

10. Draw tautomers of 2,4 - pentanedione.

11. List uses of 1,3 - dicarbonyl compounds.

12. List examples of 1,4 - dicarbonyl compounds.

13. Draw structures of 1,4 - dicarbonyl compounds.

14. Write IUPAC names for a few 1,4 - dicarbonyl compounds.

15. List properties of 1,4 - carbonyl compounds.

16.List uses of 1,4 - dicarbonyl compounds.

1. Write the general formula for saturated dialkanoic acids as CnH2n (COOH)2.

2. Write the structural formula of dialkanoic acids.

3. Describe the general methods of preparation of dialkanoic acids.

4. Describe properties and reactions of dialkanoic acids.

5. List uses of dialkanoic acids. 

6. Write the structure of malonic ester

7. Write the two tautomeric forms of malonic ester.

8. Describe methods of preparation of malonic ester.

9. Describe the properties and reactions of malonic ester.

10. Explain the significance of the active methylene group in the reactions of malonic ester.

11. Describe the application of malonic ester in the synthesis of other acids.

12. Draw structure of aceto - acetic ester.

13. Describe methods of preparation of acetic ester.

14. Describe the properties and reactions of acetoacetic ester.

15. Explain the significance of the active methylene in the reactivity of acetoacetic ester.

16. Describe the applications of acetoacetic ester in the synthesis of other organic compounds (e.g. methyl ketones and alkanoic acids)

1. Define polyhydric alkanol.

2. Describe general method of preparation of polyhydric alkanols.

3. Describe the properties and reactions of polyhydric alkanols.

4. List uses of polyhydric alkanols..

5. Describe a method of determining the number of OH groups in a polyhydric alkanol.

1. Define an amino acid.

2. Write the general formula of amino acid.

3. List examples of amino acids.

4. List and explain essential amino acids.

5. Explain optical isomerism in amino acids.

6. Differentiate between basic and acidic amino acids.

7. List examples of both basic and acidic amino acids.

8. Explain isoelectric point of an amino acid.

9. Explain the biological importance of amino acids.

10. Describe the general method of  synthesis of á - amino acid.

11. Describe the properties and reactions of á - amino acid as an acid.