ER1432 - Civil Engineering Hydraulics and Materials - University of Central Lancashire

LAB - Buoyancy

Purpose: Demonstrate Archimedes' principle of buoyancy

Question: (to be answered as part of your lab write-up):
If just one type of object or substance is placed in the boat, how can the specific gravity of this particular object or substance be determined? Explain your procedure and show by calculation in your lab write-up.

Do not forget to report the temperature of the water and other pertinent measurements in your lab report.

LAB - SPECIFIC GRAVITY

Prior to the lab or during your lab write-up, conduct an internet search and find representative specific weights or specific gravities for:
(a) Skiddaw slate (found in the Cumbria region/ Cumberland County of northwest England)
(b) concrete (unreinforced)
(c) brick (common)
(d) granite paving block
(e) common metals (e.g., stainless steel, cast iron)

PROCEDURE

We will (a) slowly immerse sample objects in water, (b) capture the water coming from the spout of the can and calculate the weight equivalent of the displaced volume of fluid, (c) apply the above relation (page 1) to determine specific gravity, (d) compare to published values.

When obtaining either the mass or weight of the displaced volume of water, subtract out the contribution of the container/bucket itself.

Lab - A simple siphon

Purpose: To determine pressure in a siphon tube at the crest and properly account for any losses.

Take measurements only if steady-state conditions exist, i.e., inflow = outflow. Measurements taken, e.g., vertical lengths, tube diameter, water temperature, etc.

Flow rate (Q) calculations (fill a container, record time it takes to obtain a certain number of litres, subsequently convert litres per second to m3/s).

Average velocity calculations as Q/Atube Compute pressure at high point, i.e., crest. Report pressure in the following units:

N/m2, Pa, mm of Hg and m of H2O (because students need practice in unit conversions) Do we need to account for losses in the tubing?

Answer the above questions (a) and (b) Conclusions (what did you discover?)

Attachment:- Civil Engineering Hydraulics and Materials.rar